Michigan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the U.S. State. For other uses, see Michigan (disambiguation). State of Michigan Flag of Michigan Seal Nickname(s): The Great Lakes State The Wolverine State, The Automotive State, Water-Winter Wonderland Motto(s): Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice (If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you) Official language(s) None (English, de-facto) Demonym Michigander Michiganian Capital Lansing Largest city Detroit Largest metro area Metro Detroit Area Ranked 11th in the US - Total 97,990 sq mi (253,793 km²) - Width 386[1] miles (621 km) - Length 456[1] miles (734 km) - % water 41.5 - Latitude 41° 41' N to 48° 18' N - Longitude 82° 7' W to 90° 25' W Population Ranked 8th in the US - Total 10,071,822 (2007 est.)[2] - Density 179/sq mi (67.55/km²) Ranked 16th in the US - Median income $44,627 (21st) Elevation - Highest point Mount Arvon[3] 1,979 ft (603 m) - Mean 902 ft (275 m) - Lowest point Lake Erie[3] 571 ft (174 m) Admission to Union January 26, 1837 (26th) Governor Jennifer Granholm Lieutenant Governor John D. Cherry (D) U.S. Senators Carl Levin (D) Debbie Stabenow (D) Congressional Delegation List Time zones - most of state Eastern: UTC-5/-4 - 4 U.P. counties Central: UTC-6/-5 Abbreviations MI Mich. US-MI Website www.michigan.gov Michigan (/ˈmɪʃɨgən/ (help·info)) is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. It was named after Lake Michigan, whose name is a French adaptation of the Ojibwe term mishigami, meaning "large water" or "large lake".[1][4] Michigan is the eighth most populous state in the United States. It has the longest freshwater shoreline in the world, bounded by four of the five Great Lakes, plus Lake Saint Clair.[5] In 2005, Michigan ranked third for the number of registered recreational boats, behind California and Florida.[6] Michigan has 12,000 inland lakes. A person is never more than six miles (10 km) from a natural water source, or more than 87.2 miles (137 km) from Great Lakes coastline. The state is the only state to consist entirely of two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula of Michigan, to which the name Michigan was originally applied, is sometimes dubbed "the mitten," owing to its shape. When asked where in Michigan one comes from, a resident of the Lower Peninsula may often point to the corresponding part of his or her hand. The Upper Peninsula (often referred to as The U.P.) is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of Mackinac, a five-mile (8 km)-wide channel that joins Lake Huron to Lake Michigan. The Upper Peninsula (whose residents are often called "Yoopers") is economically important for tourism and natural resources. The Upper and Lower Peninsulas are connected by the five-mile (8 km)-long Mackinac Bridge, which is the third longest suspension bridge between anchorages in the world.[7] The bridge has given rise to the nickname of "trolls" for residents of the Lower Peninsula, because they live "under" (south of) the bridge.[8][9] Contents [hide] 1 History 1.1 17th century 1.2 18th century 1.3 19th century 1.4 20th century to present 2 Government 2.1 Law 2.2 Politics 2.3 Administrative divisions 3 Geography 3.1 Protected lands 3.2 Climate 3.3 Geology 4 Demographics 4.1 Religion 5 Economy 5.1 Taxation 5.2 Agriculture 5.3 Tourism 6 Transportation 6.1 Railroads 6.2 Roadways 6.3 Airports 7 Important cities and townships 8 Education 8.1 Colleges and universities 8.2 Community colleges and technical schools 9 Professional sports teams 9.1 Former professional teams 10 State symbols and nicknames 11 Facts 11.1 Sister states 12 See also 13 References 14 Further reading 15 External links [edit] History See also: Timeline of Michigan history, History of railroads in Michigan, and History of Detroit A Chippewa family, circa 1821Michigan was home to various Native Americans centuries before colonization by Europeans. When the first European explorers arrived, the most populous and influential tribes were Algonquian peoples—specifically, the Ottawa, the Anishnabe (called "Chippewa" in French, after their language, "Ojibwe"), and the Potawatomi. The Anishnabe, whose numbers are

estimated to have been between 25,000 and 35,000, were the most populous. Although the Anishnabe were well-established in Michigan's Upper Peninsula and northern Lower Peninsula, they also inhabited northern Ontario, northern Wisconsin, southern Manitoba, and northern and north-central Minnesota. The Ottawa lived primarily south of the Straits of Mackinac in northern and western Michigan, while the Potawatomi were primarily in the southwest. The three nations co-existed peacefully as part of a loose confederation called the Council of Three Fires. Other First Nations people in Michigan, in the south and east, were the Mascouten, the Menominee, the Miami, and the Wyandot, who are better known by their French name, "Huron". [edit] 17th century French voyageurs explored and settled in Michigan in the 17th century. The first Europeans to reach what later became Michigan were those of Étienne Brûlé's expedition in 1622. The first European settlement was made in 1641 on the site where Father (Père, in French) Jacques Marquette established Sault Sainte-Marie in 1668. Saint Ignace was founded in 1671 and Marquette in 1675. Together with Sault Sainte-Marie, they are the three oldest cities in Michigan. "The Soo" (Sault Ste. Marie) has the distinction of being the oldest city in both Michigan and Ontario. It was split into two cities in 1818, a year after the U.S.-Canada boundary in the Great Lakes was finally established by the U.S.-U.K. Joint Border Commission. In 1679, Lord La Salle of France directed the construction of the Griffin, the first European sailing vessel on the upper Great Lakes. That same year, La Salle built Fort Miami at present-day St. Joseph. [edit] 18th century In 1701 French explorer and army officer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founded Le Fort Ponchartrain du Détroit or "Fort Ponchartrain on-the-Strait" on the strait between Lakes St. Clair and Erie, known as the Detroit River. Cadillac had convinced King Louis XIV's chief minister, Louis Phélypeaux, Comte de Pontchartrain, that a permanent community there would strengthen French control over the upper Great Lakes and repel British aspirations. The hundred soldiers and workers who accompanied Cadillac built a fort enclosing one arpent[10][11] (about .85 acre, the equivalent of just under 200 feet (61 m) per side) and named it Fort Pontchartrain. Cadillac's wife, Marie Thérèse, soon moved to Detroit, becoming one of the first white women to settle in the Michigan wilderness. The town quickly became a major fur-trading and shipping post. The "Église de Saint-Anne" (Church of Saint Ann) was founded the same year. While the original building does not survive, the congregation of that name continues to be active today. At the same time, the French strengthened Fort Michilimackinac at the Straits of Mackinac to better control their lucrative fur-trading empire. By the mid-eighteenth century, the French also occupied forts at present-day Niles and Sault Ste. Marie, though most of the rest of the region remained unsettled by whites. From 1660 to the end of French rule, Michigan was part of the Royal Province of New France.[12] In 1759, following the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, in the French and Indian War (1754–1763), Québec City fell to British forces. Under the 1763 Treaty of Paris, Michigan and the rest of New France passed to Great Britain. During the American Revolutionary War, Detroit was an important British supply center, but most of the inhabitants were either Native Americans or French-Canadians. Because of imprecise cartography and unclear language defining the boundaries in the 1763 Treaty of Paris, the British retained control of Detroit and Michigan. When Quebec was split into Lower and Upper Canada in 1790, Michigan was part of Kent County, Upper Canada. It held its first democratic elections in August 1792 to send delegates to the new provincial parliament at Newark (now Niagara-on-the-Lake).[13] Under terms negotiated in the 1794 Jay Treaty, Britain withdrew from Detroit and Michilimackinac in 1796. Questions remained over the boundary for many years, and the United States did not have uncontested control of the Upper Peninsula and Drummond Island until 1818 and 1847, respectively. [edit] 19th century During the War of 1812, Michigan Territory (effectively consisting of Detroit and the surrounding area) was captured by the British and nominally returned to Upper Canada.

American forces forced the British out in 1813 and pushed into Canada. The Treaty of Ghent implemented the policy of "Status Quo Ante Bellum" or "Just as Things Were Before the War." That meant Michigan stayed American, and the agreement to establish a joint U.S.-UK boundary commission also remained valid. Subsequent to the findings of that commission in 1817, control of the Upper Peninsula and of islands in the St. Clair River delta was transferred from Ontario to Michigan in 1818. Mackinac Island (to which the British had moved their Michilimackinac army base) was transferred to the U.S. in 1847. The population grew slowly until the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825. This brought a large influx of settlers to Michigan because it made transportation by ships through the Great Lakes possible. By the 1830s, Michigan had some 80,000 residents, which were more than enough to apply for statehood. In 1836 a state government was formed, although Congressional recognition of the state was delayed pending resolution of a boundary dispute with Ohio. Both states claimed a 468-square-mile (1,210 km²) strip of land that included the newly incorporated city of Toledo on Lake Erie and an area to the west then known as the "Great Black Swamp." The dispute came to be called the Toledo War. Michigan and Ohio militia maneuvered in the area but never exchanged fire. Congress awarded the "Toledo Strip" to Ohio. Michigan received the western part of the Upper Peninsula as a concession and formally entered the Union on January 26, 1837. Thought to be nearly valueless, the Upper Peninsula was discovered to be a rich and important source of lumber, iron, and copper. These became the state's most sought-after natural resources and generated early wealth. Geologist Douglass Houghton and land surveyor William Austin Burt were among the first to document many of these resources. Developers rushed to the state. Michigan led the nation in lumber production from 1850s to the 1880s. The lumber harvested in Michigan was shipped to the rapidly developing prairie states, Chicago, to the eastern states, and even all of the way to Europe. The first official meeting of the Republican Party took place July 6, 1854 in Jackson, Michigan, where the party adopted its platform. Michigan made a significant contribution to the Union in the American Civil War and sent more than forty regiments of volunteers to the Federal armies. [edit] 20th century to present See also: History of Ford Motor Company Michigan's economy underwent a massive change at the turn of the 20th century. The birth of the automotive industry, with Henry Ford's first plant in Highland Park, marked the beginning of a new era in transportation. Like the steamship and railroad, it was a far-reaching development. More than the forms of public transportation, the automobile transformed private life. It became the major industry of Detroit and Michigan, and permanently altered the socio-economic life of the United States and much of the world. Grand Rapids, the second-largest city in Michigan, is also a center of automotive manufacturing. Since 1838, the city had also been noted for its thriving furniture industry. Started because of ready sources of lumber, the furniture industry declined in the late 20th century. Skyscrapers in downtown Detroit.Michigan held its first United States presidential primary election in 1910, and in 1920 Detroit's WWJ became the first radio station in the United States to regularly broadcast commercial programs. Throughout that decade some of the country's largest and most ornate skyscrapers were built in the city. Particularly noteworthy are the Fisher Building, Cadillac Place, and the Guardian Building which are National Historic Landmarks. Detroit boomed through the 1950s, at one point doubling its population in a decade. After the 1950s, Detroit's population began to shift to its suburbs, accelerating after racial strife in the 1960s and high crime rates in the 1970s and 1980s. Michigan is the leading auto producing state in the U.S even though some of the industry has shifted to less expensive labor overseas and in the Southern United States.[14] Nevertheless, with more than ten million residents, Michigan continues to grow and remains a large and influential state, ranking eighth in population among the fifty states. The Metro Detroit in the southeast corner of the state is the largest metropolitan area in Michigan

(roughly 50% of the population resides there) and one of the ten largest metropolitan areas in the country. The Grand Rapids/Holland/Muskegon metropolitan area on the west side of the state is the fastest growing metro area in the state presently, with over 1.3 million residents as of 2006. Metro Detroit's population is growing, and Detroit's population is still shrinking, though strong redevelopment in central part of the cities and a significant rise in population in the outskirts of the city are contributing to some population inflow. A period of economic transition, especially in manufacturing, has caused economic difficulties in the region since the recession of 2001. [edit] Government Michigan State Capitol in LansingSee also: List of Governors of Michigan and United States congressional delegations from Michigan [edit] Law Michigan Supreme Court at the Hall of JusticeLansing is the state capital and is home to all three branches of state government. The Michigan State Capitol was dedicated in 1879 and has hosted the state's executive and legislative branches ever since. The chief executive is the Governor, and Jennifer Granholm currently holds the office. The legislative branch consists of the bicameral Michigan Legislature, with a House of Representatives and Senate. The Michigan legislature is a full-time legislature, though some representatives have voiced concerns about the long hours disrupting their home lives and wish to make the job part-time. The Michigan Supreme Court sits with seven justices. The Michigan Constitution provides for voter initiative and referendum (Article II, § 9,[15] defined as "the power to propose laws and to enact and reject laws, called the initiative, and the power to approve or reject laws enacted by the legislature, called the referendum. The power of initiative extends only to laws which the legislature may enact under this constitution"). Michigan has two official Governor's Residences; one is in Lansing, and the other is at Mackinac Island. Michigan's state universities are immune from control by the legislature, many aspects of the executive branch, and cities in which they are located; but they are not immune from the authority of the courts. Some degree of political control is exercised as the legislature approves appropriations for the schools. Furthermore, the governor appoints the board of trustees of most state universities with the advice and consent of the state Senate. Only the trustees of the University of Michigan, Michigan State University, and Wayne State University are chosen in general elections. Michigan was the first state in the Union, as well as the first English-speaking government in the world,[16][17] to abolish the death penalty, in 1846. David Chardavoyne has suggested that the abolitionist movement in Michigan grew as a result of enmity towards the state's neighbor, Canada, which under British rule made public executions a regular practice. [edit] Politics Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm (D).See also: Elections in Michigan The Republican Party dominated Michigan until the Great Depression. In the 1912 election, Michigan was one of the six states to support progressive Republican and third party candidate Theodore Roosevelt for President after he lost the Republican nomination to William Howard Taft. In recent years, the state has leaned toward the Democratic Party in national elections. Michigan supported Democrats in the last four presidential elections. In 2004, John Kerry carried the state over George W. Bush, winning Michigan's seventeen electoral votes with 51.2% of the vote. Democrats have won each of the last three, nine of the last ten, and fifteen of the last eighteen U.S. Senate elections in Michigan. Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm, a Democrat, recently won a second term, defeating Republican candidate Dick DeVos. Republican strength is greatest in the western, northern, and rural parts of the state, especially in the Grand Rapids area. Democrats are strongest in the east, especially in Detroit, Ann Arbor, Flint, and Saginaw. Michigan was the home of Gerald Ford, the 38th President of the United States. He was born in Nebraska and moved as an infant to Michigan and grew up there.[18][19] [edit] Administrative divisions Main article: Administrative divisions of Michigan See also: List of Michigan county seats and List of municipalities in Michigan (by population) State government is decentralized among three

tiers — statewide, county and township. Counties are administrative divisions of the state, and townships are administrative divisions of a county. Both of them exercise state government authority, localized to meet the particular needs of their jurisdictions, as provided by state law. There are 83 counties in Michigan. Cities, state universities, and villages are vested with home rule powers of varying degrees. Home rule cities can generally do anything that is not prohibited by law. The fifteen state universities have broad power and can do anything within the parameters of their status as educational institutions that is not prohibited by the state constitution. Villages, by contrast, have limited home rule and are not completely autonomous from the county and township in which they are located. There are two types of township in Michigan: general law township and charter. Charter township status was created by the Legislature in 1947 and grants additional powers and stream-lined administration in order to provide greater protection against annexation by a city. As of April 2001, there were 127 charter townships in Michigan. In general, charter townships have many of the same powers as a city but without the same level of obligations. For example, a charter township can have its own fire department, water and sewer department, police department, and so on—just like a city—but it is not required to have those things, whereas cities must provide those services. Charter townships can opt to use county-wide services instead, such as deputies from the county sheriff's office instead of a home-based force of ordinance officers. [edit] Geography See also: Protected areas of Michigan and List of Michigan state parks Michigan map, including territorial waters. Aerial View of Sleeping Bear Dunes The Pointe Mouillee State Game AreaMichigan consists of two peninsulas that lie between 82°30' to about 90°30' west longitude, and are separated by the Straits of Mackinac. With the exception of two small areas that are drained by the Mississippi River by way of the Wisconsin River in the Upper Peninsula and by way of the Kankakee-Illinois River in the Lower Peninsula, Michigan is drained by the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence watershed and is the only state with the majority of its land such drained. The Great Lakes that border Michigan from east to west are Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan and Lake Superior. It has more light houses than any other state. The state is bounded on the south by the states of Ohio and Indiana, sharing land and water boundaries with both. Michigan's western boundaries are almost entirely water boundaries, from south to north, with Illinois and Wisconsin in Lake Michigan; then a land boundary with Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula, that is principally demarcated by the Menominee and Montreal rivers; then water boundaries again, in Lake Superior, with Wisconsin and Minnesota to the west, capped around by the Canadian province of Ontario to the north and east. The northern boundary then runs completely through Lake Superior, from the western boundary with Minnesota to a point north of and around Isle Royale, thence traveling southeastward through the lake in a reasonably straight line to the Sault Ste. Marie area. Windsor, Ontario, once the south bank of Detroit, Upper Canada, has the distinction of being the only part of Canada which lies due south of a part of the lower 48 contiguous United States. In Southeastern Michigan there is a water boundary with Canada along the entire lengths of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair (including the First Nation reserve of Walpole Island) and the Detroit River]. The southeastern boundary ends in the western end of Lake Erie with a three-way convergence of Michigan, Ohio and Ontario. Tahquamenon Falls in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.Michigan encompasses 58,110 square miles (150,504 km²) of land, 38,575 square miles (99,909 km²) of Great Lakes waters and 1,305 square miles (3,380 km²) of inland waters. Only Alaska has more territorial water.[20] At a total of 97,990 square miles (253,793 km²), Michigan is the largest state east of the Mississippi River (inclusive of its territorial waters). Michigan claims a land area of 58,110 square miles (150,500 km2) of land and 97,990 sq mi (253,790 km2) total, making it the tenth largest state,[1] but the U.S. Census Bureau claims only 56,803.82 sq mi (147,121.22 km2) of land and 96,716.11 sq mi (250,493.57 km2) total, making it the eleventh largest. Michigan forestland covers nearly 52 percent of the state at 19,300,000 acres (78,000 km2).[1] The heavily forested Upper Peninsula is relatively mountainous in the west. The Porcupine

Mountains, which are the oldest mountains in North America, rise to an altitude of almost 2,000 feet (610 m) above sea level and form the watershed between the streams flowing into Lake Superior and Lake Michigan. The surface on either side of this range is rugged. The state's highest point, in the Huron Mountains northwest of Marquette, is Mount Arvon at 1,979 feet (603 m). The peninsula is as large as Connecticut, Delaware, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island combined but has fewer than 330,000 inhabitants. They are sometimes called "Yoopers" (from "U.P.'ers"), and their speech (the "Yooper dialect") has been heavily influenced by the numerous Scandinavian and Canadian immigrants who settled the area during the lumbering and mining boom of the late nineteenth century. The Lower Peninsula, shaped like a mitten, is 277 miles (446 km) long from north to south and 195 miles (314 km) from east to west and occupies nearly two-thirds of the state's land area. The surface of the peninsula is generally level, broken by conical hills and glacial moraines usually not more than a few hundred feet tall. It is divided by a low water divide running north and south. The larger portion of the state is on the west of this and gradually slopes toward Lake Michigan. The highest point in the Lower Peninsula is either Briar Hill at 1,705 feet (520 m), or one of several points nearby in the vicinity of Cadillac. The lowest point is the surface of Lake Erie at 571 feet (174 m). Little Sable Point Light south of Pentwater, Michigan.The geographic orientation of Michigan's peninsulas makes for a long distance between the ends of the state. Ironwood, in the far western Upper Peninsula, lies 630 highway miles (1,015 km) from Lambertville in the Lower Peninsula's southeastern corner. The geographic isolation of the Upper Peninsula from Michigan's political and population centers makes it culturally and economically distinct. Occasionally U.P. residents have called for secession from Michigan and establishment as a new state to be called "Superior." A feature of Michigan that gives it the distinct shape of a mitten is the Thumb. This peninsula projects out into Lake Huron and the Saginaw Bay. The geography of the Thumb is mainly flat with a few rolling hills. Other peninsulas of Michigan include the Keweenaw Peninsula, making up the Copper Country region of the state. The Leelanau Peninsula lies in the Northern Lower Michigan region. See Also Michigan Regions Numerous lakes and marshes mark both peninsulas, and the coast is much indented. Keweenaw Bay, Whitefish Bay, and the Big and Little Bays De Noc are the principal indentations on the Upper Peninsula. The Grand and Little Traverse, Thunder, and Saginaw bays indent the Lower Peninsula. After Alaska, Michigan has the longest shoreline of any state—3,288 miles (5,326 km). An additional 1,056 miles (1,699 km) can be added if islands are included. This roughly equals the length of the Atlantic Coast from Maine to Florida. The state has numerous large islands, the principal ones being the Manitou, Beaver, and Fox groups in Lake Michigan; Isle Royale and Grande Isle in Lake Superior; Marquette, Bois Blanc, and Mackinac Islands in Lake Huron; and Neebish, Sugar, and Drummond Islands in St. Mary's River. Michigan has about 150 lighthouses, the most of any U.S. state. The first lighthouses in Michigan were built between 1818 and 1822. They were built to project light at night and to serve as a landmark during the day to safely guide the passenger ships and freighters traveling the Great Lakes. See Lighthouses in the United States. The state's rivers are small, short and shallow, and few are navigable. The principal ones include the Au Sable, Thunder Bay, Cheboygan, and Saginaw, all of which flow into Lake Huron; the Ontonagon, and Tahquamenon, which flow into Lake Superior; and the St. Joseph, Kalamazoo, Grand, Muskegon, Manistee, and Escanaba, which flow into Lake Michigan. The state has 11,037 inland lakes and 38,575 square miles (62,067 km²) of Great Lakes waters and rivers in addition to 1,305 square miles (3,380 km2) of inland water. No point in Michigan is more than six miles (10 km) from an inland lake or more than 85 miles (137 km) from one of the Great Lakes. [edit] Protected lands See also: List of Michigan state parks The state is home to one national park: Isle Royale National Park, located in Lake Superior, about 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Thunder Bay, Ontario. Other national protected areas in the state include: Keweenaw National Historical Park, Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Huron National Forest, Manistee National Forest, Hiawatha

National Forest, Ottawa National Forest Fumee Lake Natural Area and Father Marquette National Memorial. The largest section of the North Country National Scenic Trail also passes through Michigan. With 78 state parks, 19 state recreation areas, and 6 state forests, Michigan has the largest state park and state forest system of any state. These parks and forests include Holland State Park, Mackinac Island State Park, Au Sable State Forest, and Mackinaw State Forest. [edit] Climate Michigan USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map.Michigan has a humid continental climate, although there are two distinct regions. The southern and central parts of the Lower Peninsula (south of Saginaw Bay and from the Grand Rapids area southward) have a warmer climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa) with hot summers and cold winters. The northern part of Lower Peninsula and the entire Upper Peninsula has a more severe climate (Koppen Dfb), with warm, but shorter summers and longer, cold to very cold winters. Some parts of the state average high temperatures below freezing from December through February, and into early March in the far northern parts. During the winter through the middle of February the state is frequently subjected to heavy lake-effect snow. The state averages from 30-40 inches (75-100 cm) of precipitation annually. The entire state averages 30 days of thunderstorm activity per year. These can be severe, especially in the southern part of the state. The state averages 17 tornadoes per year, which are more common in the extreme southern portion of the state. Portions of the southern border have been nearly as vulnerable historically as parts of Tornado Alley. Farther north, in the Upper Peninsula, tornadoes are rare.[21] Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Michigan Cities in °F City Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Detroit 31/18 34/20 45/28 58/38 70/49 79/59 83/64 81/62 74/54 61/42 48/34 36/23 Flint 29/13 32/15 43/24 56/35 69/45 78/55 82/59 80/57 72/49 60/39 46/30 34/19 Grand Rapids 29/16 33/17 43/26 57/36 70/47 78/56 82/60 80/59 72/51 60/40 46/31 34/21 Lansing 29/14 33/15 44/24 57/34 69/45 78/54 82/58 80/57 72/49 60/39 46/30 34/20 Marquette 20/3 24/5 33/14 46/27 62/39 70/48 75/54 73/52 63/44 51/34 35/22 24/10 Muskegon 30/17 32/18 42/25 55/35 67/45 76/54 80/60 78/59 70/51 59/41 46/32 35/23 Sault Ste Marie 22/5 24/7 34/16 48/29 63/39 71/46 76/52 74/52 65/45 53/36 39/26 27/13 [4] [edit] Geology The geological formation of the state is greatly varied. Primary boulders are found over the entire surface of the Upper Peninsula (being principally of primitive origin), while Secondary deposits cover the entire Lower Peninsula. The Upper Peninsula exhibits Lower Silurian sandstones, limestones, copper and iron bearing rocks, corresponding to the Huronian system of Canada. The central portion of the Lower Peninsula contains coal measures and rocks of the Permo-Carboniferous period. Devonian and sub-Carboniferous deposits are scattered over the entire state. The soil is of a varied composition and in large areas is very fertile, especially in the south. However, the Upper Peninsula for the most part is rocky and mountainous, and the soil is unsuitable for agriculture. The climate is tempered by the proximity of the lakes and is much milder than in other locales with the same latitude. The principal forest trees include basswood, maple, elm, sassafras, butternut, walnut, poplar, hickory, oak, willow, pine, birch, beech, hemlock, witchhazel, tamarack, cedar, locust, dogwood, and ash. [edit] Demographics See also: Michigan census statistical areas Michigan population distribution. Map showing ancestry.Historical populations Census Pop. %± 1800 3,757 — 1810 4,762 26.8% 1820 7,452 56.5% 1830 28,004 275.8% 1840 212,267 658% 1850 397,654 87.3% 1860 749,113 88.4% 1870 1,184,059 58.1% 1880 1,636,937 38.2% 1890 2,093,890 27.9% 1900 2,420,982 15.6% 1910 2,810,173 16.1% 1920 3,668,412 30.5% 1930 4,842,325 32% 1940 5,256,106 8.5% 1950 6,371,766 21.2% 1960 7,823,194 22.8% 1970 8,875,083 13.4% 1980 9,262,078 4.4% 1990 9,295,297 0.4% 2000 9,938,444 6.9% Est. 2007 10,071,822 1.3% As of the July 1, 2007 population estimate, Michigan has an estimated population of 10,071,822, an increase of 133,340, or 1.3%, since the year 2000. The state's population increased by 776,525 between

1990 and 2007, a 7.7% growth. As of 2000, the state had the 8th largest population in the Union. The center of population of Michigan is located in Shiawassee County, in the southeastern corner of the civil township of Bennington, which is located directly north of the village of Morrice.[22] As of 2006, the state had a foreign-born population of 688,413. In recent years, the foreign-born population in the state has grown. Michigan has the largest Dutch-American, Finnish-American and Macedonian-American populations in the United States. The five largest reported ancestries in Michigan are: German (20.4%), African American (14.2%), Irish (10.8%), English (9.9%), and Polish (8.6%). Michigan has a large white population (81.3%). Americans of European descent including German, French, and British ancestry live throughout most of Michigan and Metro Detroit. People of Nordic (especially Finnish) and Cornish ancestry have a notable presence in the Upper Peninsula. Western Michigan is known for the Dutch heritage of many residents (the highest concentration of any state), especially in the Grand Rapids-Holland area. Metro Detroit also has residents of Polish and Irish descent. Dearborn has become the center of a large Arab-American community, now mostly Lebanese, who immigrated for jobs in the auto industry in the 1920s. African-Americans, who came to Detroit and other northern cities in the Great Migration of the early 20th century, form a majority of the population of the city of Detroit and of other industrial cities, including Flint and Benton Harbor. An individual from Michigan is called a "Michigander" or "Michiganian".[23] Also at times, but rarely, a "Michiganite".[24] Demographics of Michigan (csv) By race White Black AIAN* Asian NHPI* 2000 (total population) 83.05% 14.92% 1.26% 2.10% 0.08% 2000 (Hispanic only) 2.98% 0.22% 0.11% 0.03% 0.01% 2005 (total population) 82.65% 15.05% 1.21% 2.57% 0.08% 2005 (Hispanic only) 3.51% 0.23% 0.11% 0.05% 0.02% Growth 2000–05 (total population) 1.35% 2.77% -2.51% 24.24% 12.50% Growth 2000–05 (non-Hispanic only) 0.66% 2.67% -2.71% 24.04% 10.70% Growth 2000–05 (Hispanic only) 19.89% 9.70% -0.48% 36.87% 20.51% * AIAN is American Indian or Alaskan Native; NHPI is Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander [edit] Religion The largest denomination by number of adherents in 2000 was the Roman Catholic Church with 2,019,926; The largest Protestant denominations were the Lutheran Church--Missouri Synod with 244,231 and the United Methodist Church with 222,269 adherents.[25] The religious affiliations of the people of Michigan in 1990 were:[26] Christian – 82% Protestant – 58% Baptist – 15% Methodist – 10% Pentecostal – 7% Lutheran – 5% Reformed – 4% United Church of Christ – 3% Church of Christ – 2% Other Protestant – 12% Catholic – 23% Other Christian – 1% Muslim – 2% Jewish – 1% Other Religions – <1% Non-Religious – 15% About 300,000 people trace their roots to the Middle East.[27] [edit] Economy See also: List of companies based in Michigan and Economy of metropolitan Detroit Michigan is the center of the American automotive industry. Pictured is the Ford Shelby GT500 at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit. The GT500 is manufactured in Ford's Flat Rock, Michigan assembly plant.The Michigan economy leads in information technology, life sciences, and advanced manufacturing. Michigan is commonly known for its auto industry. Michigan ranks fourth nationally in high-tech employment with 568,000 high-tech workers, including 70,000 in the automotive industry.[28] Michigan typically ranks second or third in overall research and development expenditures in the United States.[29] Its research and development, which includes automotive, comprises a higher percentage of the state's overall gross domestic product than for any other U.S. state.[30] The state is an important source of engineering job opportunities. The domestic auto industry accounts directly and indirectly for one of every ten jobs in the U.S.[31] Some of the major industries/products/services include automobiles, cereal products, information technology, aerospace, military equipment, copper, iron, and furniture. Michigan is the third leading grower of Christmas trees with 60,520 acres (245 km2) of land dedicated to Christmas tree farming.[32][33] The beverage Vernors was invented in Michigan in 1866, sharing the title of oldest soft drink with

Hires Root Beer. Faygo was founded in Detroit on November 4, 1907. Michigan has experienced economic difficulties brought on by volatile stock market disruptions following the September 11, 2001 attacks. This caused a pension and benefit fund crisis for many American companies, including General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler. The American auto companies are proving to be more resilient than other affected industries as each company implements its respective turnaround plans (In 2007, General Motors reported a $9.6 billion surplus in its pension fund). Despite problems, Michigan ranked second nationally in new corporate facilities and expansions in 2004. From 1997 to 2004, Michigan was listed as the only state to top the 10,000 mark for the number of major new developments, led by Metro Detroit.[34] Manufacturing in Michigan grew 6.6% from 2001 to 2006.[14] In 2007, General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler reached agreements with the United Auto Workers Union to transfer the liabilities for their respective health care and benefit funds to a 501(c)(9) Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association (VEBA) raising prospects for corporate turnaround plans. Even though Michigan is known as the birthplace of the automobile industry, its diverse economy leads in many other areas. Michigan has a booming biotechnology industry and the Michigan Life Sciences Corridor is a $1 billion biotechnology initiative in the state of Michigan.[35] As leading research institutions, the University of Michigan, Michigan State University, Western Michigan University, and Wayne State University are important partners in the state's economy. Michigan's workforce is well-educated and highly skilled, making it attractive to companies. Michigan's infrastructure gives it a competitive edge; Michigan has 38 deep water ports.[36] In 2007, Bank of America announced that it would commit $25 billion to community development in Michigan following its acquisition of LaSalle Bank in Troy.[37] Detroit Metropolitan Airport is one of the nation's most recently expanded and modernized airports with six major runways, and large aircraft maintenance facilities capable of servicing and repairing a Boeing 747. Michigan's schools and colleges rank among the nation's best. The state has maintained its early commitment to public education. The Bureau of Economic Analysis estimated Michigan's 2004 gross state product at $372 billion.[38] Per capita personal income in 2003 was $31,178 and ranked twentieth in the nation. In May 2008, Michigan's unemployment rate rose to 8.5 percent,[39] among the highest in the nation, and stayed there through June.[40] [edit] Taxation Michigan's top tax bracket on personal income is 4.35%. Some cities impose additional income taxes. Michigan's state sales tax is six percent. Property taxes are assessed on the local, not state, level. In 2007, Michigan repealed its Single Business Tax (SBT) and replaced it with a Michigan Business Tax (MBT) in order to stimulate job growth by reducing taxes for seventy percent of the businesses in the state.[41] According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, recent growth in Michigan is 0.1%.[42] [edit] Agriculture A wide variety of commodity crops, fruits, and vegetables are grown in Michigan, making it second only to California among U.S. states in the diversity of its agriculture.[43] Michigan is a leading grower of fruit, including blueberries, cherries, apples, grapes, and peaches.[44][45] These fruits are mainly grown in West Michigan, and some are grown in rural areas of Southeast Michigan. Michigan produces wines and a multitude of food products. Kellogg's cereal is based out of Battle Creek, Michigan and processes many locally grown foods. Michigan is home to very fertile land in the Flint/Tri-Cities and "Thumb" areas. Products grown there are corn, sugar beets, navy beans, and soy beans. Sugar beet harvesting usually begins the first of October. It takes the sugar factories about five months to process the 3.7 million tons of sugarbeets into 970 million pounds of pure, white sugar.[46] Michigan's largest sugar refiner, Michigan Sugar Company [47] is the largest east of the Mississippi River and the fourth largest in the nation. Michigan Sugar brand names are Pioneer Sugar and the newly incorporated Big Chief Sugar. Potatoes are grown in Northern Michigan, and corn is dominant in Central Michigan. Michigan State University is dedicated to the study of agriculture. [edit] Tourism See also: List of National Historic Landmarks in Michigan, List of Registered Historic Places in Michigan, and List of museums in Michigan Castle Museum (Saginaw) is on the National Register of Historic Places.Michigan has a thriving

tourist industry. Visitors spend $17.5 billion per year in the state, supporting 193,000 tourism jobs. Michigan's tourism website ranks among the busiest in the nation.[48] Destinations draw vacationers, hunters, and nature enthusiasts from across the United States and Canada. Michigan is fifty percent forest land, much of it quite remote. Both the forests and thousands of miles of beaches are top attractions. Tourism in metropolitan Detroit draws visitors to leading attractions, particularly The Henry Ford, the Detroit Institute of Arts, and the Detroit Zoo, and to sports in Detroit. Other museums include the Detroit Historical Museum, the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, museums in the Cranbrook Educational Community, and the Arab American National Museum. The metro area offers four major casinos, MGM Grand Detroit, Greektown, Motor City, and Caesars Windsor in Windsor, Ontario, Canada; moreover, Detroit is the largest American city and metropolitan region to offer casino resorts.[49] Hunting is a major component of Michigan's economy. Michigan ranks first in the nation in licensed hunters (over one million) who contribute $2 billion annually to its economy. Over three-quarters of a million hunters participate in white-tailed deer season alone. Many school districts in rural areas of Michigan cancel school on the opening day of rifle season, because of attendance concerns. Michigan's Department of Natural Resources manages the largest dedicated state forest system in the nation. The forest products industry and recreational users contribute $12 billion and 200,000 associated jobs annually to the state's economy. Michigan has more than 90 native species of trees, more than all of Europe combined. The state has numerous historical markers, which can themselves become the center of a tour.[50] With its position in relation to the Great Lakes and the countless ships that have foundered over the many years in which they have been used as a transport route for people and bulk cargo, Michigan is a world-class SCUBA diving destination. The Michigan Underwater Preserves are 11 underwater areas where wrecks are protected for the benefit of sport divers. [edit] Transportation Michigan has nine international crossings with Ontario, Canada: Ambassador Bridge, North America's busiest international border crossing. Blue Water Bridge, a twin-span bridge (Port Huron, Michigan and Point Edward, Ontario, but the larger city of Sarnia, Ontario is usually referred to on the Canadian side. Blue Water Ferry (Marine City, Michigan and Sombra, Ontario) Canadian Pacific Railway tunnel. Detroit-Windsor Truck Ferry (Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario) Detroit-Windsor Tunnel. International Bridge (Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan and Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario) St.Clair River Railway Tunnel (Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario) Walpole Island Ferry (Algonac, Michigan and Walpole Island First Nation, Ontario A second international bridge is currently under development between Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario.[51] [edit] Railroads See also: List of Michigan railroads and History of railroads in Michigan Michigan is served by five Class I railroads: the Canadian National Railway, the Canadian Pacific Railway, CSX Transportation, the Norfolk Southern Railway, and Conrail. These are augmented by several dozen short line railroads. The vast majority of rail service in Michigan is devoted to freight, with Amtrak and various scenic railroads the exceptions.[52] Main article: Michigan Services Amtrak passenger rail services the state, connecting many southern and western Michigan cities to Chicago, Illinois. There are plans for commuter rail for Detroit and its suburbs (see SEMCOG Commuter Rail).[53][54] [edit] Roadways See also: Michigan Highway System Interstate 75 is the main thoroughfare between Detroit and Flint, extending to Sault Saint Marie and providing access to Sault Saint Marie, Ontario. The expressway crosses the Mackinac Bridge between the Lower and Upper Peninsulas. Branching highways include I-275 and I-375 in Detroit; I-475 in Flint; I-675 in Saginaw. Interstate 69 enters the state near the Michigan-Ohio-Indiana border, and it extends to Port Huron and provides access to the Blue Water Bridge crossing into Sarnia. Interstate 94 enters the western end of the state at the Indiana border, and it travels east to Detroit and then northeast to Port Huron and ties in with I-69. I-194 branches off from this freeway in Battle Creek. Interstate 96 runs east-west between Detroit and

Muskegon. I-496 loops through Lansing. I-196 branches off from this freeway at Grand Rapids and connects to I-94 near Benton Harbor. I-696 branches off from this freeway at Novi and connects to I-94 near St Clair Shores. Major bridges include the Ambassador Bridge, Blue Water Bridge, Mackinac Bridge, and International Bridge. Michigan also has the Detroit-Windsor Tunnel crossing into Canada. [edit] Airports See also: List of airports in Michigan The Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport is by far Michigan's busiest airport, followed by the Gerald R. Ford International Airport in Grand Rapids. [edit] Important cities and townships Map showing largest Michigan municipalities. Detroit skyline along the Detroit River. The Grand Rapids skyline centered on the Grand River. A Lansing Sunset Downtown Flint as seen from the Flint River. Ann Arbor skyline Downtown Royal Oak, as seen from Main StreetFurther information: List of cities, villages, and townships in Michigan The largest municipalities in Michigan are (according to 2007 census estimates): Rank City Population 1 Detroit 916,952 2 Grand Rapids 193,627 3 Warren 134,223 4 Sterling Heights 127,349 5 Ann Arbor 115,092 6 Lansing 114,947 7 Flint 114,662 8 Clinton Township 96,253 9 Livonia 93,931 10 Dearborn 89,252 Other important cities include: Battle Creek ("Cereal City U.S.A.", world headquarters of Kellogg Company) Benton Harbor / St. Joseph (headquarters of Whirlpool Corporation) East Lansing (home of Michigan State University) Fremont (home of the Gerber Products Company) Kalamazoo (home to Western Michigan University) Manistee (home to the world's largest salt plant, owned by Morton Salt) Marquette (largest city in the Upper Peninsula with 19,661 people and home of Northern Michigan University) Midland (headquarters of the Dow Chemical Company and the Dow Corning Corporation) Muskegon (largest Michigan city on Lake Michigan) Pontiac (major automobile manufacturing center, and home of the Pontiac Silverdome) Port Huron (major international crossing and home of the Blue Water Bridge) Mount Pleasant (home of Central Michigan University) Sault Ste. Marie (home of the Soo Locks and Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge) Saginaw (the largest of the Tri-Cities, which consist of Bay City, Midland and Saginaw) Traverse City ("Cherry Capital of the World", making Michigan the country's largest producer of cherries) Ypsilanti (home of Eastern Michigan University) Half of the wealthiest communities in the state are located in Oakland County, just north of Detroit. Another wealthy community is located just east of the city, in Grosse Pointe. Only three of these cities are located outside of Metro Detroit. The city of Detroit itself, with a per capita income of $14,717, ranks 517th on the list of Michigan locations by per capita income. Benton Harbor is the poorest city in Michigan, with a per capita income of $8,965, while Barton Hills is the richest with a per capita income of $110,683. [edit] Education See also: List of school districts in Michigan [edit] Colleges and universities Adrian College Albion College Alma College Andrews University Aquinas College Ave Maria College Ave Maria School of Law Baker College Calvin College Calvin Theological Seminary Center for Humanistic Studies Central Bible College Central Michigan University Cleary University College for Creative Studies Concordia University Cornerstone University Cranbrook Academy of Art Davenport University Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary Eastern Michigan University Ecumenical Theological Seminary Ferris State University Finlandia University Grace Bible College Grand Rapids Theological Seminary Grand Valley State University Great Lakes Christian College Hillsdale College Hope College Kalamazoo College Kendall College of Art and Design Kettering University Kuyper College Lake Superior State University Lawrence Technological University Lewis College of Business Madonna University Marygrove College Michigan Jewish Institute Michigan State University Michigan Technological University Michigan Theological Seminary Northern Michigan University Northwestern Michigan College Northwood University Oakland University Olivet College Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary Rochester College Sacred Heart Major Seminary SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary Saginaw Valley State University Siena Heights University Spring Arbor University Theological School of the Protestant Reformed Churches Thomas M. Cooley Law School University of Detroit Mercy University of Michigan System University of Michigan-Ann Arbor University of Michigan-Dearborn University of Michigan-Flint University of Phoenix Walsh College of Accountancy and Business Wayne State University Western Michigan University Western Theological

Seminary William Tyndale College Yeshiva Gedolah Ateres Mordechai of Greater Detroit [edit] Community colleges and technical schools American College of Computer and Information Sciences Alpena Community College Bay de Noc Community College Bay Mills Community College Delta College Ellis College of NYIT Glen Oaks Community College Gogebic Community College Grand Rapids Community College Henry Ford Community College ITT Technical Institute Jackson Community College Kalamazoo Valley Community College Kellogg Community College Kirtland Community College Lake Michigan College Lansing Community College Macomb Community College Mid-Michigan Community College Michigan Career and Technical Institute Michigan Institution of Aviation and Technology Monroe County Community College Montcalm Community College Mott Community College Muskegon Community College National Institute of Technology North Central Michigan College Northwestern Michigan College Oakland Community College Olympia Career Training Institute Ross Medical Education Center Saint Clair County Community College Schoolcraft College Southwestern Michigan College Washtenaw Community College Wayne County Community College West Shore Community College [edit] Professional sports teams Comerica Park, home of the Detroit TigersMost major professional sports league teams in Michigan are located in Metro Detroit, with the Detroit Tigers baseball team, Detroit Lions football team, and Detroit Red Wings ice hockey team located within the city of Detroit. The Detroit Pistons men's basketball team and the Detroit Shock women's basketball team currently play at the Palace of Auburn Hills. The Pistons played at Detroit's Cobo Arena until 1978 and at the Pontiac Silverdome until 1988. The Detroit Lions played at Tiger Stadium in Detroit until 1974, then moved out to the Silverdome before moving to Ford Field in 2002. The Red Wings played at Olympia Stadium before moving to Joe Louis Arena in 1979. The Arena Football League's Grand Rapids Rampage is the state's other "major league" sports team. Nine-time Grand Slam champion Serena Williams was born in Saginaw. Professional hockey got its start in Houghton, when the Portage Lakers were formed. Other notable sports teams include: Club Sport League Alpena IceDiggers Ice hockey North American Hockey League Battle Creek Revolution Ice hockey All American Hockey Association Flint Generals Ice hockey International Hockey League Grand Rapids Griffins Ice hockey American Hockey League Kalamazoo Wings Ice Hockey International Hockey League Marquette Rangers Ice Hockey North American Hockey League Motor City Machine Ice hockey North American Hockey League Muskegon Fury Ice hockey International Hockey League Plymouth Whalers Ice hockey Ontario Hockey League Saginaw Spirit Ice hockey Ontario Hockey League Traverse City North Stars Ice hockey North American Hockey League Detroit Dragons Ice hockey All American Hockey Association Lansing Lugnuts Baseball Minor League Baseball, Midwest League Great Lakes Loons Baseball Minor League Baseball, Midwest League Kalamazoo Kings Baseball Minor League Baseball Traverse City Beach Bums Baseball Minor League Baseball West Michigan Whitecaps Baseball Minor League Baseball, Midwest League Grand Rapids Rampage Arena football Arena Football League Kalamazoo Xplosion Indoor football Continental Indoor Football League Flint Phantoms Indoor football Continental Indoor Football League Muskegon Thunder Indoor football Continental Indoor Football League Saginaw Sting Indoor football Continental Indoor Football League Detroit Demolition Football Independent Women's Football League Detroit Ignition Soccer Major Indoor Soccer League Kalamazoo Kingdom Soccer USL Premier Development League Michigan Bucks Soccer USL Premier Development League Michigan Hawks Soccer W-League Michigan Phoenix Soccer Women's Premier Soccer League West Michigan Edge Soccer USL Premier Development League West Michigan Firewomen Soccer W-League West Michigan Firewomen Soccer W-League [edit] Former professional teams See also: List of Michigan sport championships Club Sport League(s) Status Detroit Gems Basketball National Basketball Association Moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota and became the Minneapolis Lakers, would move again to Los Angeles, California and are now the Los Angeles Lakers Detroit (NFL) (Heralds/Tigers/Panthers/Wolverines) Football National Football League Defunct Detroit Wheels Football World Football League Moved to Charlotte, North Carolina for one game, then disbanded in the middle of the 1974 season Detroit Falcons (basketball) Basketball Basketball Association of America Defunct Michigan Panthers Football USFL Defunct Detroit Stars Baseball Negro National League, 2nd Negro National League, Negro American League The team ceased operations in 1960 Detroit Wolverines Baseball National League Disbanded, 1888 Michigan Stags Ice Hockey World Hockey Association Moved to Baltimore, Maryland and became the Baltimore Blades for the rest of the team's existence Detroit Vipers

Ice Hockey International Hockey League Disbanded when IHL became AHL Detroit Fury Arena football Arena Football League Franchise terminated September 20, 2004 Michigan Mayhem Basketball Continental Basketball Association Disbanded after 2005-2006 season [edit] State symbols and nicknames State nicknames: Wolverine State, Great Lakes State, Mitten State, Water-Winter Wonderland State motto: Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice (Latin: If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you) adopted in 1835 on the coat-of-arms, but never as an official 'motto'. This is a paraphrase of the epitaph of British architect Sir Christopher Wren about his masterpiece, St. Paul's Cathedral.[55][56] State song: My Michigan (official since 1937, but disputed amongst residents)[57] State bird: American Robin (since 1931) State animal: Wolverine (traditional) State game animal: White-tailed deer (since 1997) State fish: Brook trout (since 1965) State reptile: Painted Turtle (since 1995) State fossil: Mastodon (since 2000) State flower: Apple blossom (adopted in 1897, official in 1997) State wildflower: Dwarf Lake Iris (since 1998). Known as Iris lacustris, it is a federally listed threatened species. State tree: White pine (since 1955) State stone: Petoskey stone (since 1965). It is composed of fossilized coral (Hexagonaria pericarnata) from long ago when the middle of the continent was covered with a shallow sea. State gem: Isle Royale greenstone (since 1973). Also called chlorastrolite (literally "green star stone"), the mineral is found on Isle Royale and the Keweenaw peninsula. State soil: Kalkaska Sand (since 1990), ranges in color from black to yellowish brown, covers nearly a million acres (400,000 ha) in 29 counties. [edit] Facts Michigan is home to more public golf courses than any other state. Michigan ranks 1st in the nation in the number of registered snowmobiles.[58] Michigan ranks 3rd in the nation in licensed hunters at over 750,000 [edit] Sister states Shiga Prefecture, Japan[59] Sichuan Province, Peoples Republic of China [60] [edit] See also List of Michigan-related topics Images of Michigan Michigan Municipal League Michigan portal [edit] References ^ a b c d e "Michigan in Brief: Information About the State of Michigan" (PDF). Michigan.gov. Retrieved on 2006-11-28. ^ http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-ann-est.html 2007 Population Estimates ^ a b "Elevations and Distances in the United States". U.S Geological Survey (29 April 2005). Retrieved on November 6, 2006. ^ "Freelang Ojibwe Dictionary". Freelang.net. ^ NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management : My State : Michigan ^ Press Release: The States of Boating: Report Shows Where Americans Take to the Water Most ^ About the Bridge - Mackinac Bridge Authority ^ Meyer, Mark (August 21, 2008). "Circle Theatre hunts for another hit with 'Escanaba In Love'", Chicago Theatre Examiner, Examiner.com. Retrieved on 2008-08-26. "These few hardy souls are known in Midwestern parlance as "Yoopers" (from "U.P.ers"), and like to refer to downstate Michiganians such as myself as "trolls" because we live "under" the Mackinac Bridge." ^ Parrish, P. J. [2007]. "Somebody's Daughter", A Thousand Bones. Simon and Schuster, 22. ISBN 1416525874. Retrieved on 2008-08-26. "A troll was what people from Michigan's Upper Peninsula called anyone who lived "below the bridge," the five-mile-long span that connected the Upper and Lower peninsulas." ^ "Cadillac's Village or Detroit under Cadillac.". Retrieved on January 5, 2007. ^ "History Detroit 1701-2001". Retrieved on January 5, 2007. ^ The Province also included the modern staes of Wisconsin, eastern Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, two-thirds of Georgia, and small parts of West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, and Maine ^ Farmer, Silas [1889] (2005). "Legislatures and Laws", The history of Detroit and Michigan; or, The metropolis illustrated; a full record of territorial days in Michigan, and the annals of Wayne County. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Library, pp. 94. Retrieved on 2006-06-15. ^ a b National Association of Manufacturers (February 2008).Facts about Michigan Manufacturing. Retrieved on May 4, 2008. ^ Article II, § 9 of state constitution ^ Information on States Without the Death Penalty ^ History of the Death Penalty - Faith in Action - Working to Abolish the Death Penalty ^ Biography of Gerald R. Ford ^ Funk, Josh (2006). "Nebraska - Born, Ford Left State As Infant". Associated Press. Boston.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-06. ^ Land and Water Area of States, 2000 ^ [1] srh.noaa.gov. Last accessed November 1, 2006. ^ State Centers ^ "Michiganian or Michigander?" Michigan.gov ^ Merriam Webster Dictionary ^ http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/26_2000.asp ^ Glenmary Research Center. Churches & Church Membership in

U.S., 1990. ^ Detroit Expects Half of Iraqi Refugees ^ MEDC (2006).Michigan: High Technology Focus State of Michigan ^ NSF 01-320 (2001).R&D Spending is Highly Concentrated in a Small Number of StatesNational Science Foundation ^ http://www.agiweb.org/gap/cvd/CVD04Michigan.pdf ^ Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (2006). From the 2003 Study "Contributions of the Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy" University of Michigan and the Center for Automotive Research ^ [2] http://www.nass.usda.gov/census/census02/volume1/us/st99_2_035_036.pdf ^ National Christmas Tree Association: Industry Statistics ^ MEDC (2005) Michigan #2 in the Nation for New Corporate Facilities and Expansions in 2004 Globeinvestor.com ^ MEDC 2006. Lifesciences Corridor State of Michigan. ^ MEDC (2006). Commercial PortsState of Michigan ^ Crain's Detroit Business (October 4, 2007).Bank of America commits $25 billion for community development in Michigan. Metro Mode Media.Retrieved on September 6, 2008. ^ Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State ^ Michigan Labor Market Information. Retrieved on July 2, 2008. ^ Michigan's jobless rate stuck at 8.5% ^ Office of the Governor (June 15, 2007). New Michigan Business Tax Key to State's Economic Future State of Michigan.Retrieved on August 10, 2007. ^ Bureau of Economic Analysis ^ [3]. MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, by Craig Thiel, Fiscal Analyst. Retrieved on September 3, 2008. ^ Michigan Blueberries. Agriculutre Experiment Station. Michigan State University. Retrieved on January 3, 2008. ^ Hanson, Eric, Department of Horticulture. Small Fruit Crops. Ag Experiment Station Special Reports (07/28/98). Michigan State University. Retrieved on January 3, 2008. ^ Michigan Sugar Company - Education ^ Michigan Sugar Company ^ Great Lakes IT Report. (May 3, 2007,).Michigan's Tourism Website No. 1 in the U.S. Retrieved on August 10, 2007. ^ Mink, Randy, and Karen Mink (July 2001).Detroit Turns 300 - Detroit 300 Festival. Travel America, World Publishing Co., Gale Group. ^ Michigan Historical Markers Traveling Through time: A guide to Michigan Historical Markers ^ Detroit River International Crossing Study Website ^ "Railroads Operating in Michigan" (PDF). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved on 2008-02-15. ^ Freep ^ Commuter rail service facts ^ Michigan state motto, at least on its coat of arms ^ Law enacting State Court of Arms ^ Michigan's State Songs ^ "Economic Impact - Natural Resources Boost Michigan's Economy" Michigan.gov ^ Birmingham Sister City Program ^ Briefing on Sichuan International Sister Cities Cooperation and Development Week 2005 [edit] Further reading Bald, F. Clever, Michigan in Four Centuries (1961)/ Browne, William P. and - Kenneth VerBurg. Michigan Politics & Government: Facing Change in a Complex State University of Nebraska Press. 1995. Bureau of Business Research, Wayne State U. Michigan Statistical Abstract (1987). Cappel, Constance, editor, "Odawa Language and Legends: Andrew J. Blackbird and Raymond Kiogima," Philadelphia, PA: Xlibris, 2006. Cappel, Constance, "The Smallpox Genocide of the Odawa Tribe at L'Arbre Croche, 1763: The History of a Native American People," Lewiston,NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2007. Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University, Bibliographies for Michigan by region, counties, etc.. Michigan, State of . Michigan Manual (annual), elaborate detail on state government. Michigan Historical Review Central Michigan University (quarterly). Press, Charles et al., Michigan Political Atlas (1984). Public Sector Consultants. Michigan in Brief. An Issues Handbook (annual) Rubenstein, Bruce A. and Lawrence E. Ziewacz. Michigan: A History of the Great Lakes State. (2002) Sisson, Richard, Ed. The American Midwest: An Interpretive Encyclopedia (2006) Weeks, George, Stewards of the State: The Governors of Michigan (Historical Society of Michigan, 1987). Wilbur Rich. Coleman Young and Detroit Politics: From Social Activist to Power Broker (Wayne State University Press, 1988). Willis F. Dunbar and George S. May. Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State (1995) [edit] External links Find more about Michigan on Wikipedia's sister projects: Dictionary

definitions Textbooks Quotations Source texts Images and media News stories Learning resources State of Michigan government website Energy Data & Statistics for Michigan Info Michigan, detailed information on 630 cities Michigan Historic Markers Michigan History Magazine Michigan Lighthouse Chronology - Clark Historical Library Michigan's Official Travel Site The Michigan Municipal League Michigan travel guide from Wikitravel Michigan State Fact Sheet from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Michigan Underwater Preserves Council USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Michigan Michigan at the Open Directory Project [hide]v • d • e State of Michigan Lansing (capital) Topics Congressional delegation · Governors · History · Lieutenant Governors · Legislature · Lighthouses · Museums · National Historic Landmarks · People · Registered Historic Places · State parks · Supreme Court · Tallest buildings · Timeline · Topics · Visitor attractions Regions Upper Peninsula Copper Country · Keweenaw Peninsula · Gogebic Range Lower Peninsula Central Michigan: Southern Michigan · Flint/Tri-Cities: The Thumb / The Greater Tri Cities · Michiana · Northern Michigan · Southeast Michigan / Metro Detroit · West Michigan Largest municipalities Ann Arbor · Battle Creek · Bay City · Bloomfield Township · Canton Township · Chesterfield Township · Clinton Township · Commerce Township · Dearborn · Dearborn Heights · Detroit · East Lansing · Eastpointe · Farmington Hills · Flint · Flint Township · Georgetown Township · Grand Rapids · Holland · Jackson · Kalamazoo · Kentwood · Lansing · Lincoln Park · Livonia · Macomb Township · Meridian Township · Midland · Muskegon · Novi · Pontiac · Portage · Redford · Rochester Hills · Roseville · Royal Oak · Saginaw · Saginaw Township · St. Clair Shores · Shelby Township · Southfield · Sterling Heights · Taylor · Troy · Warren · Waterford Township · West Bloomfield · Westland · Wyoming · Ypsilanti Township Counties Alcona · Alger · Allegan · Alpena · Antrim · Arenac · Baraga · Barry · Bay · Benzie · Berrien · Branch · Calhoun · Cass · Charlevoix · Cheboygan · Chippewa · Clare · Clinton · Crawford · Delta · Dickinson · Eaton · Emmet · Genesee · Gladwin · Gogebic · Grand Traverse · Gratiot · Hillsdale · Houghton · Huron · Ingham · Ionia · Iosco · Iron · Isabella · Jackson · Kalamazoo · Kalkaska · Kent · Keweenaw · Lake · Lapeer · Leelanau · Lenawee · Livingston · Luce · Mackinac · Macomb · Manistee · Marquette · Mason · Mecosta · Menominee · Midland · Missaukee · Monroe · Montcalm · Montmorency · Muskegon · Newaygo · Oakland · Oceana · Ogemaw · Ontonagon · Osceola · Oscoda · Otsego · Ottawa · Presque Isle · Roscommon · Saginaw · Sanilac · Schoolcraft · Shiawassee · St. Clair · St. Joseph · Tuscola · Van Buren · Washtenaw · Wayne · Wexford [show]v • d • ePolitical divisions of the United States States Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho

· Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming Federal district Washington, D.C. (District of Columbia) Insular areas American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · U.S. Virgin Islands Outlying islands Bajo Nuevo Bank · Baker Island · Howland Island · Jarvis Island · Johnston Atoll · Kingman Reef · Midway Atoll · Navassa Island · Palmyra Atoll · Serranilla Bank · Wake Island [show]v • d • eUS Midwest (as defined by the United States Census Bureau) East North Central Illinois · Indiana · Michigan · Ohio · Wisconsin West North Central Iowa · Kansas · Minnesota · Missouri · Nebraska · North Dakota · South Dakota Preceded by Arkansas List of U.S. states by date of statehood Admitted on January 26, 1837 (26th) Succeeded by Florida Coordinates: 44°N 85°W / 44, -85 Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan" Categories: Michigan | States of the United States | 1837 establishments | Algonquian toponyms

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America East Conference Albany - Will Brown Binghamton - Kevin Broadus Boston University - Dennis Wolff Hartford - Dan Leibovitz Maine - Ted Woodward New Hampshire - Bill Herrion Stony Brook - Steve Pikiell UMBC - Randy Monroe Vermont - Mike Lonergan 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! America East Conference

Atlantic 10 Conference Charlotte - Bobby Lutz Dayton - Brian Gregory Duquesne - Ron Everhart Fordham - Dereck Whittenburg George Washington - Karl Hobbs La Salle - John Giannini Rhode Island - Jim Baron Richmond - Chris Mooney St. Bonaventure - Mark Schmidt Saint Joseph's - Phil Martelli Saint Louis - Rick Majerus Temple - Fran Dunphy UMass - Derek Kellogg Xavier - Sean Miller 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic 10 Conference

Atlantic Coast Conference Boston College - Al Skinner Clemson - Oliver Purnell Duke - Mike Krzyzewski Florida State - Leonard Hamilton Georgia Tech - Paul Hewitt Maryland - Gary Williams Miami (Florida) - Frank Haith North Carolina - Roy Williams North Carolina State - Sidney Lowe Virginia - Dave Leitao Virginia Tech - Seth Greenberg Wake Forest - Dino Gaudio 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic Coast Conference

Atlantic Sun Conference Belmont - Rick Byrd Campbell - Robbie Laing East Tennessee State - Murry Bartow Florida Gulf Coast - Dave Balza Jacksonville - Cliff Warren Kennesaw State - Tony Ingle Lipscomb - Scott Sanderson Mercer - Bob Hoffman North Florida - Matt Kilcullen Stetson - Derek Waugh USC Upstate - Eddie Payne 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic Sun Conference

Big 12 Conference Baylor - Scott Drew Colorado - Jeff Bzdelik Iowa State - Greg McDermott Kansas - Bill Self Kansas State - Frank Martin Missouri - Mike Anderson Nebraska - Doc Sadler Oklahoma - Jeff Capel III Oklahoma State - Travis Ford Texas - Rick Barnes Texas A&M - Mark Turgeon Texas Tech - Pat Knight 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big 12 Conference

Big East Conference Cincinnati - Mick Cronin Connecticut - Jim Calhoun DePaul - Jerry Wainwright Georgetown - John Thompson III Louisville - Rick Pitino Marquette - Buzz Williams Notre Dame - Mike Brey Pittsburgh - Jamie Dixon Providence - Keno Davis Rutgers - Fred Hill St. John's - Norm Roberts Seton Hall - Bobby Gonzalez South Florida - Stan Heath Syracuse - Jim Boeheim Villanova - Jay Wright West Virginia - Bobby Huggins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big East Conference

Big Sky Conference Eastern Washington - Kirk Earlywine Idaho State - Joe O'Brien Montana - Wayne Tinkle Montana State - Brad Huse Northern Arizona - Mike Adras Northern Colorado - Tad Boyle Portland State - Ken Bone Sacramento State - Brian Katz Weber State - Randy Rahe 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big Sky Conference

Big South Conference Charleston Southern - Barclay Radebaugh Coastal Carolina - Cliff Ellis Gardner-Webb - Rick Scruggs High Point - Bart Lundy Liberty - Ritchie McKay Presbyterian - Gregg Nibert Radford - Brad Greenberg UNC-Asheville - Eddie Biedenbach VMI - Duggar Baucom Winthrop - Randy Peele 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big South Conference

Big Ten Conference Illinois - Bruce Weber Indiana - Tom Crean Iowa - Todd Lickliter Michigan - John Beilein Michigan State - Tom Izzo Minnesota - Tubby Smith Northwestern - Bill Carmody Ohio State - Thad Matta Penn State - Ed DeChellis Purdue - Matt Painter Wisconsin - Bo Ryan 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big Ten Conference

Big West Conference Cal Poly - Kevin Bromley Cal State Fullerton - Bob Burton Cal State Northridge - Bobby Braswell Long Beach State - Dan Monson Pacific - Bob Thomason UC Davis - Gary Stewart UC Irvine - Pat Douglass UC Riverside - Jim Wooldridge UC Santa Barbara - Bob Williams 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big West Conference

Colonial Athletic Association Delaware - Monte Ross Drexel - Bruiser Flint George Mason - Jim Larranaga Georgia State - Rod Barnes Hofstra - Tom Pecora James Madison - Matt Brady Northeastern - Bill Coen Old Dominion - Blaine Taylor Towson - Pat Kennedy UNC-Wilmington - Benny Moss Virginia Commonwealth - Anthony Grant William & Mary - Tony Shaver 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Colonial Athletic Association

Conference USA East Carolina - Mack McCarthy Houston - Tom Penders Marshall - Donnie Jones Memphis - John Calipari Rice - Ben Braun Southern Methodist - Matt Doherty Southern Mississippi - Larry Eustachy Tulane - Dave Dickerson Tulsa - Doug Wojcik UAB - Mike Davis UCF - Kirk Speraw UTEP - Tony Barbee 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Conference USA

Horizon League  - Butler - Brad Stevens Cleveland State - Gary Waters Detroit - Ray McCallum Loyola (Chicago) - Jim Whitesell UIC - Jimmy Collins UW-Green Bay - Tod Kowalczyk UW-Milwaukee - Rob Jeter Valparaiso - Homer Drew Wright State - Brad Brownell Youngstown State - Jerry Slocum 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Horizon League

Independents Bryant - Tim O'Shea Cal State Bakersfield - Keith Brown Chicago State - Benjy Taylor Houston Baptist - Ron Cottrell Longwood - Mike Gillian New Jersey Institute of Technology - Jim Engles North Carolina Central - Henry Dickerson Savannah State - Horace Broadnax SIU-Edwardsville - Lennox Forrester Texas-Pan American - Tom Schuberth Utah Valley - Dick Hunsaker 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! NCAA Division I independent schools (basketball)

Ivy League Brown - Jesse Agel Columbia - Joe Jones Cornell - Steve Donahue Dartmouth - Terry Dunn Harvard - Tommy Amaker Penn - Glen Miller Princeton - Sydney Johnson Yale - James Jones 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Ivy League

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference Canisius - Tom Parrotta Fairfield - Ed Cooley Iona - Kevin Willard Loyola (Maryland) - Jimmy Patsos Manhattan - Barry Rohrssen Marist - Chuck Martin Niagara - Joe Mihalich Rider - Tommy Dempsey St. Peter's - John Dunne Siena - Fran McCaffery 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-American Conference

Mid-American Conference Akron – Keith Dambrot Ball State – Billy Taylor Bowling Green – Louis Orr Buffalo – Reggie Witherspoon Central Michigan – Ernie Ziegler Eastern Michigan – Charles Ramsey Kent State – Geno Ford Miami – Charlie Coles Northern Illinois – Ricardo Patton Ohio – John Groce Toledo – Gene Cross Western Michigan – Steve Hawkins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-American Conference

Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference Bethune-Cookman - Clifford Reed Coppin State - Ron Mitchell Delaware State - Greg Jackson Florida A&M - Mike Gillespie Hampton - Kevin Nickelberry Howard - Gil Jackson Maryland-Eastern Shore - Meredith Smith Morgan State - Todd Bozeman Norfolk State - Anthony Evans North Carolina A&T - Jerry Eaves South Carolina State - Tim Carter Winston-Salem State - Bobby Collins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference

Missouri Valley Conference Bradley - Jim Les Creighton - Dana Altman Drake - Mark Phelps Evansville - Marty Simmons Illinois State - Tim Jankovich Indiana State - Kevin McKenna Missouri State - Cuonzo Martin Northern Iowa - Ben Jacobson Southern Illinois - Chris Lowery Wichita State - Gregg Marshall 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Missouri Valley Conference

Mountain West Conference Air Force - Jeff Reynolds Brigham Young - Dave Rose Colorado State - Tim Miles New Mexico - Steve Alford San Diego State - Steve Fisher Texas Christian - Neil Dougherty UNLV - Lon Kruger Utah - Jim Boylen Wyoming - Heath Schroyer 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mountain West Conference

Northeast Conference Central Connecticut State - Howie Dickenman Fairleigh Dickinson - Tom Green LIU-Brooklyn - Jim Ferry Monmouth - Dave Calloway Mount St. Mary's - Milan Brown Quinnipiac - Tom Moore Robert Morris - Mike Rice Jr. Sacred Heart - Dave Bike St. Francis (PA) - Don Friday St. Francis (NY) - Brian Nash Wagner - Mike Deane 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Northeast Conference

Ohio Valley Conference Austin Peay - Dave Loos Eastern Illinois - Mike Miller Eastern Kentucky - Jeff Neubauer Jacksonville State - James Green Morehead State - Donnie Tyndall Murray State - Billy Kennedy Southeast Missouri - Zac Roman Tennessee-Martin - Bret Campbell Tennessee State - Cy Alexander Tennessee Tech - Mike Sutton 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Ohio Valley Conference

Pacific-10 Conference Arizona - Russ Pennell Arizona State - Herb Sendek California - Mike Montgomery Oregon - Ernie Kent Oregon State - Craig Robinson Stanford - Johnny Dawkins UCLA - Ben Howland USC - Tim Floyd Washington - Lorenzo Romar Washington State - Tony Bennett 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Pacific-10 Conference

Patriot League American - Jeff Jones Army - Jim Crews Bucknell - Dave Paulsen Colgate - Emmett Davis Holy Cross - Ralph Willard Lafayette - Fran O'Hanlon Lehigh - Brett Reed Navy - Billy Lange 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Patriot League

Southeastern Conference Alabama - Philip Pearson Arkansas - John Pelphrey Auburn - Jeff Lebo Florida - Billy Donovan Georgia - Pete Herrmann Kentucky - Billy Gillispie LSU - Trent Johnson Mississippi - Andy Kennedy Mississippi State - Rick Stansbury South Carolina - Darrin Horn Tennessee - Bruce Pearl Vanderbilt - Kevin Stallings 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southeastern Conference

Southern Conference Appalachian State - Houston Fancher Chattanooga - John Shulman The Citadel - Ed Conroy College of Charleston - Bobby Cremins Davidson - Bob McKillop Elon - Ernie Nestor Furman - Jeff Jackson Georgia Southern - Jeff Price Samford - Jimmy Tillette UNC-Greensboro - Mike Dement Western Carolina - Larry Hunter Wofford - Mike Young 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southern Conference

Southland Conference Central Arkansas - Rand Chappell Lamar - Steve Roccaforte McNeese State - Dave Simmons Nicholls State - J. P. Piper Northwestern State - Mike McConathy Sam Houston State - Bob Marlin Southeastern Louisiana - Jim Yarbrough Stephen F. Austin - Danny Kaspar Texas A&M-Corpus Christi - Perry Clark Texas-Arlington - Scott Cross Texas-San Antonio - Brooks Thompson Texas State - Doug Davalos 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southland Conference

Southwestern Athletic Conference Alabama A&M - L. Vann Pettaway Alabama State - Lewis Jackson Alcorn State - Samuel West Arkansas-Pine Bluff - George Ivory Grambling State - Larry Wright Jackson State - Tevester Anderson Mississippi Valley State - Sean Woods Prairie View A&M - Byron Rimm II Southern - Rob Spivery Texas Southern - Tony Harvey 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southwestern Athletic Conference

The Summit League Centenary - Greg Gary IPFW - Dane Fife IUPUI - Ron Hunter North Dakota State - Saul Phillips Oakland - Greg Kampe Oral Roberts - Scott Sutton South Dakota State - Scott Nagy Southern Utah - Roger Reid UMKC - Matt Brown Western Illinois - Derek Thomas 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! The Summit League

Sun Belt Conference Arkansas-Little Rock - Steve Shields Arkansas State - Dickey Nutt Denver - Joe Scott Florida Atlantic - Mike Jarvis Florida International - Sergio Rouco Louisiana-Lafayette - Robert Lee Louisiana-Monroe - Orlando Early Middle Tennessee - Kermit Davis New Orleans - Joe Pasternack North Texas - Johnny Jones South Alabama - Ronnie Arrow Troy - Don Maestri Western Kentucky - Ken McDonald 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Sun Belt Conference

West Coast Conference Gonzaga - Mark Few Loyola Marymount - Rodney Tention Pepperdine - Vance Walberg Portland - Eric Reveno Saint Mary's - Randy Bennett San Diego - Bill Grier San Francisco - Rex Walters Santa Clara - Kerry Keating 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! West Coast Conference

Western Athletic Conference Boise State - Greg Graham Fresno State - Steve Cleveland Hawaiʻi - Bob Nash Idaho - Don Verlin Louisiana Tech - Kerry Rupp Nevada - Mark Fox New Mexico State - Marvin Menzies San Jose State - George Nessman Utah State - Stew Morrill 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Western Athletic Conference

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http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_dancing_with_the_stars_videos_show_series.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_dancing_with_the_stars_videos_shows_series.html
227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 5)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 4)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (video game)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (card game)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (Australian TV series)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (New Zealand TV series)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 7)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 6)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Emmitt Smith  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Warren Sapp  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Stacy Keibler  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Lisa Rinna  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Kenny Mayne (ESPN)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Mark Ballas  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Jason Taylor (American football)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Kristi Yamaguchi  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Drew Lachey  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Tom Bergeron  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Hélio Castroneves  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Kym Johnson  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Karina Smirnoff  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Ashly DelGrosso  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Julianne Hough  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Tony Dovolani  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Edyta Sliwinska  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-List of Julianne Hough performances on Dancing with the Stars  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Maksim Chmerkovskiy  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars: We Dance!  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 1)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dança dos Famosos  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Bailando por un sueño (Argentina)  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Taniec z Gwiazdami  227's "Dancing with the Stars!" (YOUTUBE "Chili!")-Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 8)

227's Coors Light Happy Hour-Locator (YouTube "Chili")!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_coors_happy_hour_locator_bar_club_dance.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-MTV-America's Best Dance Crew! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/mtv_americas_best_dance_crew_episode_highlights.html
227's-"Love Tester Widget" (NBA)! Cassanova, Hot Stuff, Clammy, Passionate, Wild, Mild, Cold Fish!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/love_tester_widget_u_tube_cassanova_wild_hot_cold.html
227's DC Universe Bobbleheads-"Superman" (YouTube "Chili"-NBA)! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/dc_universe_bobblehead_superman_youtube_showdown.html
227's DC Universe Bobbleheads-"The Joker (NBA)!" (YouTube "Chili")! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/dc_universe_bobblehead_joker_u_tube_super_villain.html
227's DC Universe Bobbleheads-"Harley Quinn (NBA) "Villains In The Batman)!" YouTube "Chili")! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/dc_universe_bobblehead_harley_quinn_youtube_gotham.html
227's DC Universe Bobbleheads-"wONDER wOMAN (NBA)" (YouTube "Chili")! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/dc_bobblehead_wonder_woman_utube_hero_comic_book.html
227's DC Universe Bobbleheads-"Green Lantern (NBA)!" (YouTube "Chili")! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/dc_bobblehead_green_lantern_u_tube_trailer_version.html
227's Mortal Kombat (NBA)-"Chilly Villains"-Mortal Kombat Fatalities/Mortal Kombat Armageddon (Wii)/Mortal Kombat Fatalities/Mortal Kombat Theme at 227! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_mortal_kombat_fatality_theme_video_game.html  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_mortal_kombat_armageddon_annihilation_nba.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_mortal_combat_characters_sub_zero_trilogy.html
227's-YouTube "Chili"-Miley Cyrus (Hannah Montana-NBA)-"The Climb!"
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_miley_cyrus_the_climb_hannah_montana_nba.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Eminem! Sasha Baron Cohen's 'Bruno' makes Eminem blush/3 a.m.!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_chili_nba_eminem_videos_3_am_sasha_bruno.html

New at 227:

227's "Chili" Blog Logs!

227's "CHILI"-Blog Logs-Celebz! YOUTUBE!!! http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_celebrity_blog_celebuzz_posts_links_social.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_blog_post_reponse_nba_movie_music_fashion_tv.html
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_beyonce_blog_comments_message_board_social.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_britney_spears_blog_message_board_social.html
http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_jonas_brothers_blog_comment_video_media.html
"Chili (227)" Obama Girl Blog (NBA Mix)! YOUTUBE "Chili"-Obama Girl! http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_obama_girl_blog_video_comment_parody_talk.html
"Chili (227)" American Idol Blog (NBA Mix)! YOUTUBE "Chili"-American Idol! http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_american_idol_vidoe_blog_comments_post_tv.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_kris_allen_american_idol_2009_blog_comment.html
http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_danny_gokey_american_idol_blog_comment_tv.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_american_idol_blog_message_be_without_you.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Jack Nicholson-LA Lakers Fan! http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_jack_nicholson_joker_prank_call_nba_lakers.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_jack_nicholson_movie_impersonation_lakers.html
227's YOUTUBE "Kardashian"-"Chili (NBA)"-Kim, Kourtney, Khloe, Robert Jr., & Keeping Up w/The Kardashians "Reality TV!" http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_kim_kourtney_keeping_up_with_kardashians.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_kim_kardashian_nba_dance_makeup_tutorial.html

New at 227:
227's Tyra Banks - America's Next Top Model - YouTube "Chili!"
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_international_tyra_banks_antm_top_model.html
227's Tyra Banks - Britain's Next Top Model - YouTube "Chili!" http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/u_tube_britains_next_top_model_tyra_banks_uk_sdtv.html
 227's America's Next Top Model-Tyra Banks-YouTube "Chili"-America's Next Top Model, Cycle 12  227's America's Next Top Model-Tyra Banks-YouTube "Chili"-America's Next Top Model, Cycle 6  227's America's Next Top Model-Tyra Banks-YouTube "Chili"-America's Next Top Model, Cycle 7  227's America's Next Top Model-Tyra Banks-YouTube "Chili"-America's Next Top Model, Cycle 8  227's America's Next Top Model-Tyra Banks-YouTube "Chili"-America's Next Top Model, Cycle 1
YouTube "Chili"-"Sugar" Rashad Evans UFC Fights/"Sugar" Rashad Evans Knockouts/ "Sugar" Rashad Evans Sugar" Rashad Evans Sugar" Rashad Evans vs. Rampage Jackson at 227- http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_sugar_rashad_evans_ufc_98_ultimate_fights.html
"Ultimate Fighting Championship!"  227's UFC-Pay-Per-View (YouTube "Chili!")! Pay-Per-View UFC/Pay-Per-View UFC Fights/Pay-Per-View UFC KnockOuts/Pay-Per-View HD/Pay-Per-View at 227! http://www.hoops227.com/utube_ufc_pay_per_view_fights_hd_exclusive_feature.html UFC-57 (Ultimate Fighting Championship)!  UFC 61-"Ultimate Fighting Championship!"  UFC 73!  UFC-66  UFC-74 (Ultimate Fighting Championship)!  UFC-1 (Ultimate Fighting Championship)!
227's YouTube-Jim Rome-"Smack-Off" ESPN Radio listeners & "Smack-Talk" at 227!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jim_rome_smack_off_competition_radio_talk.html
227's You Tube "Chili"-Shania Twain http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_shania_twain_from_this_moment_on_forever.html
227's You Tube "Chili"-Alison Krauss http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_alison_krauss_when_u_say_nothing_at_all.html
227's You Tube "Chili"-Ronan Keating http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_ronan_keating_baby_can_i_hold_lulu_boyzone.html
227's You Tube "Chili"-Cat Stevens http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_cat_stevens_yusuf_islam_allah_father_tour.html

227's YouTube "Chili"-Jessica Alba (NBA)! Jessica Alba (Sin City) & Hayden Christiansen Use The Force/Jessica Alba (Playboy Cover)/Jessica Alba in "Awake" w/Hayden Christiansen! http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_jessica_alba_hayden_christiansen_force.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jessica_alba_sin_city_hayden_christiansen.html 
227's YouTube "Chili"-Hayden Christiansen (NBA)! Hayden Christiansen (Anakin Skywalker-Star Wars), "Awake" & more at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227!
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_hayden_christiansen_star_wars_awake_alba.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Sin City! Sin City Trailer/Sin City Soundtrack/Sin City Movie/Sin City at 227!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_sin_city_trailer_soundtrack_theme_movie_tv.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Bruce Willis! Bruce Willis in "Sin City"/Bruce Willis Movies/Bruce Willis Singing/Bruce Willis "Blues Band"/Bruce Willis "Die Hard" & more at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227!
http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_bruce_willis_sin_city_movie_singing_blues.html
227's "Hooters" Girls (YouTube "Chili"-NBA)! "Hooters" International Bikini Pageant/"Hooters" Chanel Models/"Hooters" Shows/"Hooters" Bikinis/"Hooters" Contest/Hooters Girls at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_hooters_girls_international_bikini_pageant.html
http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_hooters_girls_tour_hotel_racing_pro_cup.html
227's "Hooters"/NBA (YouTube "Chili" COMBO)! Hooters & NBA Videos/Hooters & NBA Highlights/Hooters & NBA Action at 227!
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_hooters_chili_nba_highlight_video_combo.html
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_hooters_chili_nba_highlight_video_combo_1.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_hooters_chili_nba_highlight_video_combo_2.html
227's-Indianapolis Motor Speedway! Indianapolis Motor Speedway Race Results, Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network, Indianapolis Motor Speedway Drivers, Indy 500 at 227! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_indianapolis_motor_speedway_race_car_results.html 
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_indy_motor_speedway_race_car_drivers_500.html 
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_indianapolis_motor_speedway_radio_network.html 
227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-2008 Indianapolis 500  227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-2007 Indianapolis 500  227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-1992 Indianapolis 500  227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-2002 Indianapolis 500  227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-IndyCar Series  227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-1987 Indianapolis 500  227's YouTube "Chili"-Indy 500-2005 Indianapolis 500

227's YouTube "Chili"-Funniest Home Videos
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_funny_home_video_funniest_stupid_things.html
227's YouTube-"Teens"
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_teens_pop_film_drama_culture_magazine.html
227's YouTube-"Jail"
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_jail_paris_in_jail_behind_bars_jailhouse.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-"Showers"
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_shower_hidden_camera_prank_party_scene_tv.html
227's YouTube-"Obama Girl"
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_obama_girl_i_got_a_crush_on_obama_stimulus.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Barack Obama
http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_barack_obama_speech_dancing_spoof_ti_remix.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-iTunes!http://www.hoops227.com/u_tube_itunes_play_music_purchased_music_review_tv.html
http://www.hoops227.com/utube_itunes_lyrics_weekly_free_itunes_downloads.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_itune_nba_store_player_music_store_iphone.html
227's YouTube BGT-"Natalie Okri" 10 Year Old Singer - Britains Got Talent 2009 Ep 6-  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_natalie_okri_britains_got_talent_2009_Ep_6.html

New at 227:
227's Facebook/NBA "Chili!"
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_facebook_website_links_feature_era_beacon.html
227's FaceBook "Chili! (YOUTUBE)" Facebook Links/FACEBOOK Network/FACEBOOK Music/FACEBOOK Entertainment/227 FACEBOOK!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_facebook_website_rss_feed_social_network.html
227's Jim Rome Show (Radio Talk & YOUTUBE)
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jim_rome_sports_radio_talk_show_guest_live.html
227's-Jim Rome Show (ESPN Radio Talk & Soundbites)!http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jim_rome_sports_radio_talk_show_guest_espn.html

227's YouTube-Patrick Ewing #33 (NBA's New York Knicks & Georgetown Hoyas)! Assistant Basketball Coach-Orlando Magic (NBA)!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_patrick_ewing_new_york_knicks_georgetown.html
227's-Kenny "The Jet" Smith-Carolina Basketball Camp (YouTube UNC Tar Heels-TNT/NBA)!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/kenny_smith_carolina_basketball_camp_unc_tarheels.html

227's YouTube "Chili"-Pussycat Dolls (Jai Ho-NBA Mix)!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_pussycat_dolls_jai_ho_links_when_i_grow_up.html

227's YouTube "Chili" Latina-Andressa Soares!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_andressa_soares_brazilian_workout_gym_tv.html
227's YouTube "Chili" Latina-Andressa Soares-Hispanic  227's YouTube "Chili" Latina-Andressa Soares-Hispanic and Latino Americans  227's YouTube "Chili" Latina-Andressa Soares-Latina (magazine)  227's YouTube "Chili" Latina-Andressa Soares-Latina, Italy  227's YouTube "Chili" Latina-Andressa Soares-Province of Latina
227's YouTube "Chili"-Latina!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_latina_cuban_mexican_puerto_rican_dancer.html
227's YouTube "Chili" Latina (NBA)-Andressa Soares-17/05/2009 MULHER MELANCIA-Set 1
227's YouTube "Chili"-Latina!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_chili_latina_hispanic_soares_dance_videos.html
227's YouTube "Chili" Latino-Don Omar! "Ella Y Yo," "Dile," Don Omar Latino Hits & more at 227!  http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_don_omar_chili_dile_puerto_rico_ella_y_yo.html
227's YouTube "Chili" LATINO-TITO "El Bambino"-"sOUL pLAYA Y aRENA (FT. jADIEL)," "De La Ghetto" ft. Randy, "El Tra," & more at 227 (Chilli)! http://www.hoops227.com/you_tube_tito_el_bambino_jadiel_sol_playa_y_arena.html
227's YouTube "Chili" Latino-Victor Manuelle "Si La Ves," Don Omar, "El Father," "Tango Ganas," & more at 227 (Chilli)! http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_victor_manuelle_si_la_ves_omar_tango_ganas.html
227's YouTube-"Twitter!" Twitter NBA/Twitter NFL/Twitter Music/Twitter Tweets/Twitter TV/Twitter Movies at 227!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_twitter_227_social_network_blog_video_chat.html

227's YouTube "Chuck" Charles Barkley (TNT-NBA Playoffs)-Charles Barkley's Golf Swing Interpreted by Tiger Woods! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_charles_barkley_golfswing_nba_tnt_playoffs.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_charles_barkley_chuck_tnt_nba_webber_smith.html
227's YouTube "Fab 5" Michigan Wolverines Basketball!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_fab_5_basketball_michigan_webber_rose_king.html
227's YouTube "C-Webb" Chris Webber (TNT-NBA Playoffs)! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_chris_webber_tnt_nba_playoff_shoes_barkley.html
227's JalenTV on YouTube- YouTube videos & NBA commentary on ESPN's Mike & Mike! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jalen_rose_espn_nba_basketball_jalentv.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Reggie Miller #31 (NBA) "For Three"-Reggie Miller's historic "Three Point Shots" at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_reggie_miller_nba_pacers_winning_3_pointer.html
227's Bill Russell-"Captain of the Boston Celtics" 11-Time NBA World Champion! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_bill_russell_boston_celtics_nba_auerbach.html 
227's Larry Bird (#33) Boston Celtics http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_larry_bird_boston_celtics_mvp_nba_tv.html
227's Tim Duncan (San Antonio Spurs) on YouTube! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_tim_duncan_san_antonio_spurs_nba_career_tv.html  

227's NBA Players:
Patrick Ewing- the Georgetown Hoyas & NBA!  Isiah Thomas!  Magic Johnson   Clyde "The Glide" Drexler! Kareem Abdul-Jabbar  Julius Erving  Carmelo Anthony  LeBron James  Kobe Bryant!  NBA Access w/ Ahmad Rashad!  227's Ahmad Rashad-NBA & NFL Action! 227's Ahmad Rashad-NBA TV  227's Ahmad Rashad-"Rashad"  227's Ahmad Rashad-Phylicia Rashad  227's Ahamad Rashad-NBA Inside Stuff  227's Ahmad Rashad-NBA Access with Ahmad Rashad  The Best Ncaa Basketball Coaches!   Lenny Wilkins- Brooklyn's Basketball Legend! 227's YoUtuBe-ISIAH! Hakeem "The Dream" Olajuwon!  Bill Walton- UCLA & the NBA!  227's YouTubbe "LeBron!"-LeBron James   YouTubbe "Melo!"-Carmelo Anthony!  227's YouTubbe "A.I."-Allen Iverson!   227's YouTubbe "D Wade!"-Dwayne Wade!   227's uTubbe Steve Nash!

New at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227-the everything basketball & YouTube entertainment website!

227's YouTube "Chilli"-Marvel Comics!    
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_marvel_comics_hulk_spiderman_thor_x_men.html
227's YouTube "Chilli"-DC Comics!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_dc_comics_superman_batman_cartoons_movies.html
227's YouTube "Chilli"-Comics!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_marvel_comics_dc_videos.html
227's YouTube "Chilli"-Movies!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_movies_films_actors_tv_series_video_drama.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_movies_films_actors_tv_series_video_comics.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Darth Vader (NBA & Star Wars)! "Luke, I'm Your Fatha (James Earl Jones)!"-http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_darth_vader_nba_star_wars_james_earl_jones.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Luke Skywalker  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Mark Hamill  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Obi-Wan Kenobi  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Tatooine  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Princess Leia Organa  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Carrie Fisher  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Anakin Skywalker  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-Jacen Solo  227's YouTube "Chili"-Star Wars-C-3PO

Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227-"YouTube" Entertainment/"YouTube" Entertainment Weekly/"YouTube" Entertainment Tonight/"YouTube" Entertainment Book/"YouTube" Entertainment News at 227!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/Jamaal_Al_Din_s_Hoops_227_entertainment_you_tube.html  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/Jamaal_Al_Din_s_Hoops_227_film_animation_reviews.html  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/Jamaal_Al_Din_s_Hoops_227_music_video_notes_charts.html  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/Jamaal_Al_Din_s_Hoops_227_youtube_favorite_special.html
227's YouTube-Ne-Yo/Sexy Love (NBA)! Ne-Yo Sexy Love/Ne-Yo Videos/Neyo & Island Def Jam/Neyo at 227!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_neyo_sexy_love_kate_sutherland_island_def.html  227's YouTube-Ne-Yo-"Mad"/Ne-Yo "Mad" Aol premiere video (NBA)/Ne-Yo "Mad" video at 227!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/you_tube_neyo_mad_aol_premiere_narrative_hip_hop.html  
227's YouTube "Chili"-Justin Timberlake "Cry Me A River"/Justin Timberlake "Love Stoned"/Justin Timberlake videos  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_justin_timberlake_cry_me_a_river_luv_stoned.html  227's YouTube "Chili"-Justin Timberlake (NBA) "LoveStoned"-Justin Timberlake! Justin Timberlake "Luv Stoned" iTunes/Justin Timberlake "Love Stoned" Remix/"LoveStoned"  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_justin_timberlake_lovestoned_think_she_knows.html  227's YouTube "Chili" Rick Ross-"Mafia Music (NBA)" & "Hustlin"/Rick Ross ft. FatJoe, The Game, Ja Rule/Rick Ross!  http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_rick_ross_mafia_music_2009_ja_rule_fat_joe.html
 


227's YouTube "Chili!"

2Pac 50 Cent A Adam Tensta Akon Aaliyah Ashanti Andre 3000 B Bow Wow Bobby Valentino Beyonce Bone Thugs n Harmony Birdman (rapper) Busta Rhymes Bobby Fischer C Chris Brown Cherish Cassidy Chingy Chamillionaire Christina Milian Chrisette Michele Cashis Ciara Cypress Hill Calzone Mafia Cuban Link D Destiny's Child DJ Clue Demetri Montaque Danity Kane Day 26 Donnie D12 DJ Khaled Dr. Dre E E-40 Eminem Eazy-E F Fabolous Flo Rida Fat Joe Frankie J G G-Unit The Game H Hurricane Chris I Ice Cube J Jay-Z J.R. Rotem J Holiday Jordan Sparks K Kanye West Kelly Rowland keri hilson The Kreators L Lil' Kim Lil' Mo Lil Jon Lil Mama Lloyd Banks Lil Wayne Ludacris Lloyd Lil Mama Lil Eazy-E Leona lewis M MC Hammer Mike Shorey MF Doom Mariah Carey Mario Mary J. Blige N Ne-Yo Nate Dogg Niia N.W.A. Notorious B.I.G. Nas Nick Cannon Nelly Necro O Olivia Omarion Obie Trice Old Dirty Bastard P Public Enemy Plies P Diddy pink Pharcyde Q R Red Cafe Run DMC Ray J R Kelly Rihanna Rick Ross (rapper) S Sean Combs Sean Kingston Snoop Dogg Stargate Sean Garrett Suge Knight Soulja Boy Tell 'Em Stat Quo shakira T The Notorious B.I.G. Tupac Shakur Trina Tyrese T-Pain Three 6 Mafia T.I. Too Phat U Usher V V.I.C. W Warren G Wyclef Jean Wu Tang Clan will.i.am X Xzibit Y Young Jeezy Yung Berg Z

New at 227:

227's YouTube "Chili"-T.O."Terrell Owens" http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_t_o_terrell_owens_workout_reality_tv_nfl.html 
227's YouTube "Chili"-Kristinia DeBarge "Goodbye" (NBA)! Kristinia DeBarge Songs/Kristinia DeBarge Hits/Kristinia DeBarge Lyrics/Kristinia DeBarge Remix/Kristinia DeBarge CD/Kristinia DeBarge at 227! http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_kristinia_debarge_music_goodbye_lyrics_mtv.html 
http://www.hoops227.com/u_tube_kristinia_debarge_goodbye_lyrics_nba_itunes.html 
227's YouTube "Chili"-"Mulan"-Walt Disney (NBA)! Mulan Songs/Mulan Musical Hits/Mulan Animation/Mulan Cartoon Movie! http://www.hoops227.com/youtube_mulan_walt_disney_make_man_out_of_you_song.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Kevin Federline (NBA) "Exclusive Kevin Federline Interview"/Kevin Federline, Britney Spears Interview/Kevin Federline Music! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_kevin_federline_exclusive_interview_britney.html 
227's Reality TV Tube (NBA)! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_reality_tv_variety_et_online_hollywood_mtv.html 
227's "Hollywood" (NBA) Entertainment (YouTube "Chili")! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_hollywood_entertainment_et_online_reporter.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Jordan McCoy (NBA)-"American Juniors"/Jordan McCoy "Beyonce" Acoustic/Rihanna Acoustic/Britney Spears Acoustic/Jordan McCoy at 227! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jordan_mccoy_american_juniors_nba_acoustic.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/u_tube_jordan_mccoy_diddy_just_watch_me_big_girls.html

227's YouTube "Chili"-N' Sync! "Bye Bye Bye," "Pop," "It's Gonna Be Me," "Gone," "I Want You Back!" http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_nsync_bye_bye_girlfriend_pop_gone_promise.html

 

227's YouTube "Chili" Classics!

Michael Jackson Bing Crosby U.S. The Beatles AC/DC ABBA Alla Bee Gees Bob Marley Celine Dion Cliff Richard The Drifters Elton John Herbert von Karajan Julio Iglesias Led Zeppelin Madonna Mariah Carey  Elvis Presley Nana Mouskouri Pink Floyd The Rolling Stones Tino Rossi Wei Wei

Adriano Celentano Aerosmith Backstreet Boys Barry White Billy Joel Bon Jovi Boney M. The Carpenters Charles Aznavour Cher Chicago Dave Clark Five David Bowie Deep Purple Depeche Mode Dire Straits Dolly Parton The Eagles Electric Engelbert Humperdinck Fats Domino Fleetwood Mac The Four Seasons Frank Sinatra Garth Brooks Genesis George Michael Guns N' Roses James Last The Jackson 5 Janet Jackson Johnny Hallyday Kenny Rogers Lionel Richie Luciano Pavarotti Metallica Michiya Mihashi Mireille Mathieu Modern Talking Neil Diamond Olivia Newton-John Patti Page Paul McCartney Perry Como Pet Shop Boys Phil Collins Prince Queen Ricky Nelson Roberto Carlos Rod Stewart Salvatore Adamo Status Quo Stevie Wonder Teresa Teng Tina Turner Tom Jones U2 Valeriya The Ventures Whitney Houston The Who

Annie Lennox B'z Britney Spears Carlos Santana Dalida Earth, Wind & Fire Eddy Arnold Eminem Eurythmics Gloria Estefan Hibari Misora Journey Scorpions Van Halen Ace of Base Alan Jackson Country Alice Cooper Hard rock Andrea Bocelli Opera The Andrews Sisters Swing Ayumi Hamasaki Pop Black Sabbath Heavy metal Barbra Streisand Pop / Adult contemporary Beach Boys Rock Pop Bob Dylan Folk / Rock Bob Seger Rock Boston Arena rock Boyz II Men R&B Bruce Springsteen Rock Bryan Adams Def Leppard Destiny's Child R&B / Pop Dreams Come True Pop / Jazz Duran Duran Enya Ireland Four Tops George Strait Glay Iron Maiden Jay-Z Hip hop Jean Michel Jarre Jethro Tull Johnny Cash Kazuhiro Moriuchi Kiss Hard rock Kenny G Kylie Minogue Luis Miguel Linkin Park Meat Loaf Michael Bolton Mills Brothers Mötley Crüe Mr.Children Nat King Cole New Kids on the Block Nirvana 'N Sync Oasis Orhan Gencebay Pearl Jam Petula Clark Red Hot Chili Peppers The Police Ray Conniff Reba McEntire R.E.M. Richard Clayderman Ricky Martin Robbie Williams Roxette Sweden Shakira Colombia
The Seekers Australia Spice Girls Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers Tony Bennett T.Rex UB40 Vicente Fernandez Village People Willie Nelson

227's-StubHubTickets Masters! Stubhub NBA, NFL, MLB, Concerts & more at 227!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/tickets_sale_buy_concert_nba_nfl_mlb_concert_sell.html
227's-StubHubTickets Masters! Stubhub NBA, NFL, MLB, Concerts & more at 227!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/tickets_sale_buy_concert_nba_nfl_mlb_concert_sell1.html
227's-StubHubTickets Masters! Stubhub NBA, NFL, MLB, Concerts & more at 227!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/tickets_sale_buy_concert_nba_nfl_mlb_concert_sell2.html
227's-DirecTV & Dish Network!
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/DirecTV_dish_network_channels_network_satellite.html
227's-DirecTV & Dish Network! List of DirecTV Channels!  227's DirecTV & Dish Network-TNT (TV network)  227's DirecTV-HD Theater  227's DirecTV-HDNet  227's DirecTV-The 101 Network  227's DirecTV-CNN  227's DirecTV-HLN (TV network)  227's DirecTV-ESPNews  227's DirecTV-ESPN Classic  227's DirecTV-NFL Network  227's DirecTV-MLB Network  227's DirecTV-NHL Network (United States)  227's DirecTV-Tennis Channel  227's DirecTV-Golf Channel  227's DirecTV-Liquidation Channel  227's DirecTV-Home & Garden Television  227's DirecTV-DIY Network  227's DirecTV-Food Network  227's DirecTV-Fine Living  227's DirecTV-Gems TV  227's DirecTV-Style Network  227's DirecTV-E!  227's DirecTV-TV Guide Network  227's DirecTV-ReelzChannel  227's DirecTV-Home Shopping Network  227's DirecTV-Spike (TV channel)  227's DirecTV-USA Network  227's DirecTV-Sci Fi Channel (United States)  227's DirecTV-truTV

227's Casino & Slots! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/casino_poker_black_jack_roulette_keno_solitaire.html
227's Casino & Slots!  227's Casino & Slots! Casino  227's Casino & Slots! Casino (film)game http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/casino_slots_money_cash_prizes_earnings_free_play.html


"Pistol" Pete Maravich!  Larry Bird!  2007-08 NBA Basketball Awards!  Opening Night in the NBA!  CHRIS CHILDS "C-squared" at 227!  Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, NBA/NCAA Greatness, and "The Skyhook!" 227's AAU Basketball!  227's AAU Basketball! * 227's AAU Basketball! * 227's AAU Basketball! * 227's AAU Basketball! * 227's AAU Basketball!  Moses Malone  Dominique Wilkins!  Bill Russell- the Boston Celtic!   Charles Barkley- "The Round-Mound of Rebound!"  Nate Archibald  Elvin Hayes- University of Houston & the NBA!  Lenny Wilkins- Brooklyn's Basketball Legend! Rick Barry- "The under-hand Freethrow!"  Elgin Baylor   2008 NBA Draft at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!  227's YouTube "Dr. J!"-Julius Erving!  Wilt Chamberlain George "Iceman" Gervin!  Kevin Garnett  Elgin Baylor YouTube Information from FreeBase.com & Wikipedia at Hoops 227- the everything basketball website! Bob Pettit  National Basketball Association Bob Cousy, Holy Cross Crusaders & the Boston Celtics! Opening Night in the NBA!  227's Black History Month! 

List of NBA Players: A   List of National Basketball Association Players: B   List of National Basketball Association Players: C  List of National Basketball Association Players: D  List of National Basketball Association Players: E-F   List of National Basketball Association Players: G  List of National Basketball Association Players: H  List of National Basketball Association Players: I-J 
List of National Basketball Association Players: K  List of National Basketball Association Players: L  List of National Basketball Association Players: M  List of National Basketball Association Players: N-O  List of National Basketball Association Players: P-Q  List of National Basketball Association Players: R  List of National Basketball Association Players: S  List of National Basketball Association Players: T-V  List of National Basketball Association Players: W-Z

227's-Hip Hop (YOUTUBE CHILI!)! * 227's-Hip Hop (YOUTUBE CHILI!)! 


227's-"Jizz In My Pants!" YouTube "ChiLi" Music Videos   227's-"Jizz In My Pants!" YouTube "ChiLi!" Music Videos   227's-"Jizz In My Pants!" YouTube "ChiLi!" Music Videos     227's YouTube Chili-Family Guy!  
227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! History of Family Guy  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Death Has a Shadow  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Peter Griffin  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Tom Tucker (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Seth MacFarlane  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Family Guy: Live in Vegas  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Don't Make Me Over (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Neil Goldman (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Padre de Familia (Family Guy episode)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Running Mates (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Patriot Games (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Jungle Love (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Family Guy Viewer Mail 1  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Barely Legal (Family Guy) 227's YouTube Chili-Family Guy! 227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Prick Up Your Ears (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Blind Ambition (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Adam West (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Glenn Quagmire  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Criticism of Family Guy  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Family Guy DVDs  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! List of characters in Family Guy  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Blue Harvest (Family Guy)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Brian Griffin  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Family Guy (pinball)  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Long John Peter!  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy! Mind Over Murder  227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy!-The Courtship of Stewie's Father   227's YouTube "Chili"-Family Guy!- Family Guy Video Game!
 


227's YouTube "Chilli!"   227's YouTube "Chilli!"   227's YouTube "Chilli!"   227's YouTube "Chilli!"
Reality television  TV Guide (magazine)  TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time  List of American game shows  Celebrity  TV Guide Network   Marg Helgenberger  High School! Kimengumi  Punk'd  List of celebrities involved with WrestleMania  List of Seinfeld minor characters  100 Greatest Kids' TV shows   227's YouTube "ChiLi!"-PLAYBOY 227's YouTube "ChiLi!"-Fat Albert & The COSBY Kids! 227's YouTube "ChiLi!"-PLAYBOY 227's YouTube "ChiLi!"-PLAYBOY 227's YouTube "ChiLi!"-Fat Albert & The COSBY Kids! 227's YouTube "ChiLi!"-PLAYBOY




Ghostface Killah 227's YouTube "Chili!"-Ghostface Killah-Ghostface Killah - He Comes (feat. De La Soul) 227's YouTube "Chili!"-Gho